一、 环境安装
- 使用命令:pip pytest 进行安装;
- pycharm中,针对对于的工程文件,进行配置。
二、用例编写命名规范
- 文件,test_开头或者_test结尾。
- 类名,Test开头。
- 方法/函数,test_开头。
【注】测试类中不可以添加__init__构造函数。
三、pytest的使用
1. 编写规范示例
sample:
def inc(x):
return x + 1
def test_answer():
assert inc(3) == 5
class TestDemo:
def test_demo1(self):
pass
运行结果:
============================= test session starts =============================
collecting ... collected 2 items
test01_sample.py::test_answer FAILED [ 50%]
test01_sample.py:12 (test_answer)
4 != 5
Expected :5
Actual :4
<Click to see difference>
def test_answer():
> assert inc(3) == 5
E assert 4 == 5
E + where 4 = inc(3)
test01_sample.py:14: AssertionError
test01_sample.py::TestDemo::test_demo1
========================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.06s =========================
Process finished with exit code 1
PASSED [100%]
【注意】运行过程中,鼠标光标应置于最后。
2. 断言:assert
1)程序中的一阶逻辑(一种结果为真或假的逻辑),目的为了验证开发者预期的结果。
2)当程序执行到断言的位置时,对应的断言应该为真。若断言不为真时,程序会中止断言,并给出错误信息。
断言写法
- assert <表达式>
- assert <表达式>,<描述>
eg:
def test_assert():
a = 1
b = 4
expect = 3
assert a + b == expect
def test_str():
assert "adc" in "abcd"
import sys
def test_modules():
assert ('linux' in sys.platform,'该代码只能在Linux执行')
执行结果:
============================= test session starts =============================
collecting ... collected 3 items
test_assert.py::test_assert FAILED [ 33%]
test_assert.py:7 (test_assert)
5 != 3
Expected :3
Actual :5
<Click to see difference>
def test_assert():
a = 1
b = 4
expect = 3
> assert a + b == expect
E assert (1 + 4) == 3
test_assert.py:12: AssertionError
test_assert.py::test_str FAILED [ 66%]
test_assert.py:14 (test_str)
'adc' != 'abcd'
Expected :'abcd'
Actual :'adc'
<Click to see difference>
def test_str():
> assert "adc" in "abcd"
E AssertionError: assert 'adc' in 'abcd'
test_assert.py:16: AssertionError
test_assert.py::test_modules PASSED [100%]
=================== 2 failed, 1 passed, 1 warning in 0.10s ====================