页面插件优化

学习笔记
1

一、应用场景

  • 原生的页面在对于前端不够熟悉的情况下，编写起来是比较困难的。包括设置一些样式，从头再学习 CSS 成本较大。

  • 如果要简化学习成本，可以通过响应式的前端框架 Bootstrap 完成，通过使用 Bootstrap，开发者可以节省大量的时间和精力。

  • 在 Bootstrap 的基础之上，flask 提供相关的插件，使用插件之后，flask 结合 Bootstrap 的应用则变得更加轻松、简单。

二、使用方法

2.1 环境安装

pip install flask-bootstrap

2.2 应用步骤

  1. 安装成功之后，在templates目录下创建一个base.html文件，在文件中添加这行代码：

{% extends "bootstrap/base.html" %}

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  1. 在启动服务的地方，将app实例传入bootstrap类中：

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  1. 在目录重新创建一个bootstrap_index.html文件，并导入{% include "base.html" %}；

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from flask import Flask, render_template
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap

# 创建Flask应用程序实例
app = Flask(__name__)
# 把应用的实例传入Bootstrap类中
Bootstrap(app)


# 定义路由和视图函数
@app.route("/")
def bootstrap_demo():
    return render_template("bootstrap_index.html")

# 启动应用程序
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(port=5055, debug=True)
  1. 然后在此文件中使用bootstrap的官方组件，接着重启服务，重新渲染，即可看到一个漂亮的组件。

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2.3 bootstrap官方组件

地址为：Components · Bootstrap

  1. 选择 Getting started，选择一个模版;

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  1. 进入页面后，点击鼠标右键，选择显示网页源代码按钮。

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  2. 进入源码页面，选择 <body></body> 中的内容放入 bootstrap_index.html 页面。

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<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="navbar-header">
      <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
      </button>
      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Project name</a>
    </div>
    <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
      <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
        <li><a href="#">Dashboard</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Settings</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
      </ul>
      <form class="navbar-form navbar-right">
        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search...">
      </form>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

<div class="container-fluid">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
      <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Overview <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Reports</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Analytics</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Export</a></li>
      </ul>
      <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
        <li><a href="">Nav item</a></li>
        <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
        <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
        <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
        <li><a href="">More navigation</a></li>
      </ul>
      <ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
        <li><a href="">Nav item again</a></li>
        <li><a href="">One more nav</a></li>
        <li><a href="">Another nav item</a></li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
      <h1 class="page-header">Dashboard</h1>

      <div class="row placeholders">
        <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
          <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
          <h4>Label</h4>
          <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
          <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
          <h4>Label</h4>
          <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
          <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
          <h4>Label</h4>
          <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3 placeholder">
          <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAHd3dwAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" width="200" height="200" class="img-responsive" alt="Generic placeholder thumbnail">
          <h4>Label</h4>
          <span class="text-muted">Something else</span>
        </div>
      </div>

      <h2 class="sub-header">Section title</h2>
      <div class="table-responsive">
        <table class="table table-striped">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>#</th>
              <th>Header</th>
              <th>Header</th>
              <th>Header</th>
              <th>Header</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>1,001</td>
              <td>Lorem</td>
              <td>ipsum</td>
              <td>dolor</td>
              <td>sit</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,002</td>
              <td>amet</td>
              <td>consectetur</td>
              <td>adipiscing</td>
              <td>elit</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,003</td>
              <td>Integer</td>
              <td>nec</td>
              <td>odio</td>
              <td>Praesent</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,003</td>
              <td>libero</td>
              <td>Sed</td>
              <td>cursus</td>
              <td>ante</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,004</td>
              <td>dapibus</td>
              <td>diam</td>
              <td>Sed</td>
              <td>nisi</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,005</td>
              <td>Nulla</td>
              <td>quis</td>
              <td>sem</td>
              <td>at</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,006</td>
              <td>nibh</td>
              <td>elementum</td>
              <td>imperdiet</td>
              <td>Duis</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,007</td>
              <td>sagittis</td>
              <td>ipsum</td>
              <td>Praesent</td>
              <td>mauris</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,008</td>
              <td>Fusce</td>
              <td>nec</td>
              <td>tellus</td>
              <td>sed</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,009</td>
              <td>augue</td>
              <td>semper</td>
              <td>porta</td>
              <td>Mauris</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,010</td>
              <td>massa</td>
              <td>Vestibulum</td>
              <td>lacinia</td>
              <td>arcu</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,011</td>
              <td>eget</td>
              <td>nulla</td>
              <td>Class</td>
              <td>aptent</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,012</td>
              <td>taciti</td>
              <td>sociosqu</td>
              <td>ad</td>
              <td>litora</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,013</td>
              <td>torquent</td>
              <td>per</td>
              <td>conubia</td>
              <td>nostra</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,014</td>
              <td>per</td>
              <td>inceptos</td>
              <td>himenaeos</td>
              <td>Curabitur</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>1,015</td>
              <td>sodales</td>
              <td>ligula</td>
              <td>in</td>
              <td>libero</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Tips：经历过多次渲染失败后，尝试将模板底部的部分也添加到bootstrap_index.html文件中，后续每次渲染都成功，而且不再需要添加部分。
后续如果再遇到这个问题，可以借鉴。
比如：

<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"
        integrity="sha384-nvAa0+6Qg9clwYCGGPpDQLVpLNn0fRaROjHqs13t4Ggj3Ez50XnGQqc/r8MhnRDZ"
        crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="../../dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!-- Just to make our placeholder images work. Don't actually copy the next line! -->
<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
<script src="../../assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>

此解决方法源自学院ChatGPT：

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