二、内置库sys

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2023/5/4 19:47
# @Author  : yanfa
# @user   : yanfa 
# @File    : sys_.py
# @remark:
"""一、sys概述
是 Python 自带的内置模块
是与 Python 解释器交互的桥梁"""

"""二、sys使用
.常用属性
.常用方法
.导入sys模块"""
#导入sys模块
import sys

#查看帮助文档
# help(sys)
#查看属性和方法
# print(dir(sys))

"""三、sys常用属性"""
#1、返回python解释器版本
# print(sys.version) #3.9.6 (default, Oct 18 2022, 12:41:40)

#2、返回操作系统平台名称
# print(sys.platform) #[Clang 14.0.0 (clang-1400.0.29.202)]

#3、返回外部向程序传递的参数
print(sys.argv) #darwin
# 清理参数
sys.argv.clear()
print(sys.argv) #[]

#4、返回已导入的模块信息
# print(sys.modules) #{'sys': <module 'sys' (built-in)>, 'builtins': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '_frozen_importlib': <module 'importlib._bootstrap' (frozen)>, '_imp': <module '_imp' (built-in)>, '_thread': <module '_thread' (built-in)>, '_warnings': <module '_warnings' (built-in)>, '_weakref': <module '_weakref' (built-in)>, '_io': <module 'io' (built-in)>, 'marshal': <module 'marshal' (built-in)>, 'posix': <module 'posix' (built-in)>, '_frozen_importlib_external': <module 'importlib._bootstrap_external' (frozen)>, 'time': <module 'time' (built-in)>, 'zipimport': <module 'zipimport' (frozen)>, '_codecs': <module '_codecs' (built-in)>, 'codecs': <module 'codecs' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/codecs.py'>, 'encodings.aliases': <module 'encodings.aliases' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/encodings/aliases.py'>, 'encodings.cp437': <module 'encodings.cp437' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/encodings/cp437.py'>, 'encodings': <module 'encodings' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/encodings/__init__.py'>, 'encodings.utf_8': <module 'encodings.utf_8' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/encodings/utf_8.py'>, '_signal': <module '_signal' (built-in)>, 'encodings.latin_1': <module 'encodings.latin_1' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/encodings/latin_1.py'>, '_abc': <module '_abc' (built-in)>, 'abc': <module 'abc' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/abc.py'>, 'io': <module 'io' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/io.py'>, '__main__': <module '__main__' from '/Users/yanfa/PycharmProjects/hogwarts/L3/sys_.py'>, '_stat': <module '_stat' (built-in)>, 'stat': <module 'stat' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/stat.py'>, '_collections_abc': <module '_collections_abc' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_collections_abc.py'>, 'genericpath': <module 'genericpath' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/genericpath.py'>, 'posixpath': <module 'posixpath' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/posixpath.py'>, 'os.path': <module 'posixpath' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/posixpath.py'>, 'os': <module 'os' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/os.py'>, '_sitebuiltins': <module '_sitebuiltins' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_sitebuiltins.py'>, '_locale': <module '_locale' (built-in)>, '_bootlocale': <module '_bootlocale' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_bootlocale.py'>, '_heapq': <module '_heapq' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/_heapq.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, 'heapq': <module 'heapq' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/heapq.py'>, 'itertools': <module 'itertools' (built-in)>, 'keyword': <module 'keyword' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/keyword.py'>, '_operator': <module '_operator' (built-in)>, 'operator': <module 'operator' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/operator.py'>, 'reprlib': <module 'reprlib' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/reprlib.py'>, '_collections': <module '_collections' (built-in)>, 'collections': <module 'collections' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/collections/__init__.py'>, 'types': <module 'types' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/types.py'>, '_functools': <module '_functools' (built-in)>, 'functools': <module 'functools' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/functools.py'>, 'enum': <module 'enum' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/enum.py'>, '_sre': <module '_sre' (built-in)>, 'sre_constants': <module 'sre_constants' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/sre_constants.py'>, 'sre_parse': <module 'sre_parse' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/sre_parse.py'>, 'sre_compile': <module 'sre_compile' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/sre_compile.py'>, 'copyreg': <module 'copyreg' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/copyreg.py'>, 're': <module 're' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/re.py'>, 'token': <module 'token' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/token.py'>, 'tokenize': <module 'tokenize' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/tokenize.py'>, 'linecache': <module 'linecache' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/linecache.py'>, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/traceback.py'>, 'sitecustomize': <module 'sitecustomize' from '/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_matplotlib_backend/sitecustomize.py'>, 'site': <module 'site' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site.py'>, 'importlib._bootstrap': <module 'importlib._bootstrap' (frozen)>, 'importlib._bootstrap_external': <module 'importlib._bootstrap_external' (frozen)>, 'warnings': <module 'warnings' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/warnings.py'>, 'importlib': <module 'importlib' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py'>, 'importlib.machinery': <module 'importlib.machinery' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/machinery.py'>, 'collections.abc': <module 'collections.abc' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/collections/abc.py'>, 'contextlib': <module 'contextlib' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/contextlib.py'>, 'typing.io': <class 'typing.io'>, 'typing.re': <class 'typing.re'>, 'typing': <module 'typing' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/typing.py'>, 'importlib.abc': <module 'importlib.abc' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/abc.py'>, 'importlib.util': <module 'importlib.util' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/util.py'>, '_ast': <module '_ast' (built-in)>, 'ast': <module 'ast' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ast.py'>, '_opcode': <module '_opcode' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/_opcode.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, 'opcode': <module 'opcode' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/opcode.py'>, 'dis': <module 'dis' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/dis.py'>, 'inspect': <module 'inspect' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/inspect.py'>, '_weakrefset': <module '_weakrefset' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_weakrefset.py'>, 'weakref': <module 'weakref' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/weakref.py'>, 'pkgutil': <module 'pkgutil' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/pkgutil.py'>, 'errno': <module 'errno' (built-in)>, 'signal': <module 'signal' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/signal.py'>, 'threading': <module 'threading' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/threading.py'>, 'pwd': <module 'pwd' (built-in)>, 'grp': <module 'grp' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/grp.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, '_posixsubprocess': <module '_posixsubprocess' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/_posixsubprocess.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, 'select': <module 'select' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/select.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, 'math': <module 'math' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/math.cpython-39-darwin.so'>, 'selectors': <module 'selectors' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/selectors.py'>, 'subprocess': <module 'subprocess' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py'>, 'platform': <module 'platform' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/platform.py'>, 'sysconfig': <module 'sysconfig' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/sysconfig.py'>, 'urllib': <module 'urllib' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/urllib/__init__.py'>, 'urllib.parse': <module 'urllib.parse' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/urllib/parse.py'>, '_sysconfigdata__darwin_darwin': <module '_sysconfigdata__darwin_darwin' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_sysconfigdata__darwin_darwin.py'>, '_osx_support': <module '_osx_support' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/_osx_support.py'>, 'pydoc': <module 'pydoc' from '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/pydoc.py'>}
# print(sys.modules.keys()) #dict_keys(['sys', 'builtins', '_frozen_importlib', '_imp', '_thread', '_warnings', '_weakref', '_io', 'marshal', 'posix', '_frozen_importlib_external', 'time', 'zipimport', '_codecs', 'codecs', 'encodings.aliases', 'encodings.cp437', 'encodings', 'encodings.utf_8', '_signal', 'encodings.latin_1', '_abc', 'abc', 'io', '__main__', '_stat', 'stat', '_collections_abc', 'genericpath', 'posixpath', 'os.path', 'os', '_sitebuiltins', '_locale', '_bootlocale', '_heapq', 'heapq', 'itertools', 'keyword', '_operator', 'operator', 'reprlib', '_collections', 'collections', 'types', '_functools', 'functools', 'enum', '_sre', 'sre_constants', 'sre_parse', 'sre_compile', 'copyreg', 're', 'token', 'tokenize', 'linecache', 'traceback', 'sitecustomize', 'site'])

#5、返回导包的搜索路径列表
# print(sys.path) #['/Users/yanfa/PycharmProjects/hogwarts/L3', '/Users/yanfa/PycharmProjects/hogwarts', '/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_display', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python39.zip', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload', '/Users/yanfa/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages', '/Library/Python/3.9/site-packages', '/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_matplotlib_backend']

"""四、sys常用方法"""
#1、获取编码方式
# print(sys.getdefaultencoding()) #utf-8

#2、运行时退出
# sys.exit()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2023/5/4 20:08
# @Author  : yanfa
# @user   : yanfa 
# @File    : sys_1.py
# @remark:
import sys
print("hello")
print(sys.argv)

print(sys.executable)