JAVA接口自动化之HttpClient详解

前言

HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了,越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能,但是对于大部分应用程序来说,JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。
HTTP和浏览器有点像,但却不是浏览器。很多人觉得既然HttpClient是一个HTTP客户端编程工具,很多人把他当做浏览器来理解,但是其实HttpClient不是浏览器,它是一个HTTP通信库,因此它只提供一个通用浏览器应用程序所期望的功能子集,最根本的区别是HttpClient中没有用户界面,浏览器需要一个渲染引擎来显示页面,并解释用户输入。HttpClient只能以编程的方式通过其API用于传输和接受HTTP消息。

简介

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目,用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient已经应用在很多的项目中,比如Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外两个开源项目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。
下载地址: Apache HttpComponents – HttpComponents Downloads

相关依赖

httpClient的依赖,这里用的是4.5版本的。注意4.4版本以下的httpClient(俗称旧版)会有些许不同。

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
			<version>4.5.10</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpmime -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
			<version>4.5.10</version>
		</dependency>
 
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
			<version>4.4.12</version>
		</dependency>
当然还有json依赖和testng等
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
			<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
			<version>6.14.3</version>
			<!-- <scope>test</scope> -->
		</dependency>
<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.68</version>
		</dependency>

使用方法

一个完整的httpClient连接,有5个部分组成。
1.连接的定义,设置最大连接数,最大连接超时时间,最大读取超时时间,最大返回超时时间等。可以为空。
2.请求方式,post,get等。
3.请求地址,url地址。
4.请求的参数,form表单,json等。可以为空。
5.响应内容,response返回。返回后关闭连接。

一个简单的httpClient连接例子

/** 
* @param url 
* @return get请求url,以String形式返回请求结果 
*/  
public String httpGetRequest(String url) {  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
System.out.println(url);  
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().build();  
try {  
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);  
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
if (entity != null) {  
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");  
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
System.out.println(result);  
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
response.close();  
return result;  
}  
} catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
} finally {  
// 关闭连接,释放资源  
try {  
httpClient.close();  
} catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
}  
return "";  
}  

连接的定义

定义连接在CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().build();中进行。上面的例子,定位为空,可以加上如下定义

Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).register("https", createSSLConnSocketFactory()).build();  
// 设置连接池  
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);  
// 设置连接池大小  
cm.setMaxTotal(100);  
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(cm.getMaxTotal());  
RequestConfig.Builder configBuilder = RequestConfig.custom();  
// 设置连接超时  
configBuilder.setConnectTimeout(600000);  
// 设置读取超时  
configBuilder.setSocketTimeout(600000);  
// 设置从连接池获取连接实例的超时  
configBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(600000);  
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();  

如果是https的连接,则需求创建ssl安全连接。我们可以重写证书认证方法的形式绕过认证。设置加在
Registry socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create().register(“http”, PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).register(“https”, createSSLConnSocketFactory()).build();
Ssl方法如下

/** 
* 创建SSL安全连接 
* 
* @return SSLConnectionSocketFactory 
*/  
private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {  
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;  
try {  
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");  
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {  
@Override  
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {  
}  
@Override  
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {  
}  
@Override  
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
return null;  
}  
};  
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);  
sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getDefaultHostnameVerifier());  
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
return sslsf;  
}  

请求的方式

Get请求方式HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
Post请求方式HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

请求参数
JSON传参方式,以json字符串的方式传参,(传入参数String url,String json)

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, UTF_8);// 解决中文乱码问题  
entity.setContentEncoding(UTF_8);  
entity.setContentType("application/json");  
httpPost.setEntity(entity);  

form表单传参方式,以键值对params的方式传参,单独处理url,(传入参数String url,Map<String,Object> params)

URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder(url);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : params.entrySet()) {  
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue())));  
}  
ub.setParameters(pairs);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  

请求加入headers,(传入参数Map<String,Object> headers)

for (Map.Entry<String, Object> header : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  

响应内容

接口返回的内容以字符串的形式处理。

try {  
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);  
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
if (entity != null) {  
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");  
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
System.out.println(result);  
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
response.close();  
return result;  
}  
} catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
} finally {  
// 关闭连接,释放资源  
try {  
httpClient.close();  
} catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
}  

获取cookie,需求在httpClient中setCookieStore,然后get出来。

BasicCookieStore setCookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();  
client = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(setCookieStore).setConnectionManager(cm).build();  
cookieStore = setCookieStore;  
// 获取cookie  
public static String cookies(HttpRequestBase request) {  
String cookie = null;  
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();  
try {  
// 设置 HttpClient 接收 Cookie,用与浏览器一样的策略  
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);  
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
if (entity != null) {  
List<Cookie> cookieList = cookieStore.getCookies();  
StringBuffer tmpcookies = new StringBuffer();  
for (Cookie c : cookieList) {  
String name = c.getName();  
String value = c.getValue();  
tmpcookies.append(name + "=" + value + ";");  
}  
response.close();  
cookie = tmpcookies.toString();  
}  
} catch (Exception e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
return cookie;  
}  

本人用到的HttpClientUtils

package httpClientUtils;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;  
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;  
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;  
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;  
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import zetar.api.UploadBean;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;  
import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
import java.net.URISyntaxException;  
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Map;  
public class HttpClientUtil {  
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm;  
private static String EMPTY_STR = "";  
private static String UTF_8 = "UTF-8";  
private static CloseableHttpClient client;  
private static final int MAX_TIMEOUT = 600000;  
protected static String scheme = "";  
protected static String host = "";  
private static BasicCookieStore cookieStore;  
// 设置scheme协议和host域名,要改动的时候,继承并重写这个方法就好了  
protected void set() throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
//      scheme = "https";  
//      host = "www.baidu.com";  
}  
// 初始化连接池  
private static void init() {  
if (cm == null) {  
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()  
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)  
.register("https", createSSLConnSocketFactory()).build();  
// 设置连接池  
cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);  
// 设置连接池大小  
cm.setMaxTotal(100);  
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(cm.getMaxTotal());  
RequestConfig.Builder configBuilder = RequestConfig.custom();  
// 设置连接超时  
configBuilder.setConnectTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);  
// 设置读取超时  
configBuilder.setSocketTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);  
// 设置从连接池获取连接实例的超时  
configBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);  
}  
}  
/** 
* 创建SSL安全连接 
* 
* @return 
*/  
private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {  
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;  
try {  
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");  
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {  
@Override  
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {  
}  
@Override  
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {  
}  
@Override  
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
return null;  
}  
};  
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);  
sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getDefaultHostnameVerifier());  
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
return sslsf;  
}  
/** 
* 通过连接池 获取需要安全认证的httpClient的实例 
* 
**/  
private static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {  
init();  
if (client != null) {  
return client;  
}  
BasicCookieStore setCookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();  
client = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(setCookieStore).setConnectionManager(cm).build();  
cookieStore = setCookieStore;  
return client;  
}  
// 重置httpClient连接  
public static void releaseInstance() {  
client = null;  
}  
// map转成名值对list  
private static ArrayList<NameValuePair> covertParams2NVPS(Map<String, Object> params) {  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : params.entrySet()) {  
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue())));  
}  
return pairs;  
}  
/** 
* 处理Http请求 
*/  
protected static String getResult(HttpRequestBase request) {  
// CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();  
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();  
try {  
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);  
// response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();  
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
if (entity != null) {  
// long len = entity.getContentLength();// -1 表示长度未知  
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, UTF_8);  
//              System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
//              System.out.println(result);  
//              System.out.println("--------------------------------------");  
response.close();  
//              httpClient.close();  
return result;  
}  
} catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
return EMPTY_STR;  
}  
// 获取cookie  
public static String cookies(HttpRequestBase request) {  
String cookie = null;  
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();  
try {  
// 设置 HttpClient 接收 Cookie,用与浏览器一样的策略  
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);  
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
if (entity != null) {  
//              System.out.println("http client success!");  
List<Cookie> cookieList = cookieStore.getCookies();  
StringBuffer tmpcookies = new StringBuffer();  
for (Cookie c : cookieList) {  
String name = c.getName();  
String value = c.getValue();  
tmpcookies.append(name + "=" + value + ";");  
}  
response.close();  
cookie = tmpcookies.toString();  
}  
} catch (Exception e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  
}  
return cookie;  
}  
/* 
* 下面是请求scheme(http/https)协议,加host域名,加path接口地址的方法 
*/  
/** 
* @param path 
* @return get请求path,以String形式返回请求结果 
* @throws URISyntaxException 
*/  
public static String getRequest(String path) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带参数的get请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String getRequest(String path, Map<String, Object> params) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
ub.setParameters(pairs);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带请求头和参数的get请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String getRequest(String path, Map<String, Object> headers, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
ub.setParameters(pairs);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpGet.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带请求头的get请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String getRequestAddHeaders(String path, Map<String, Object> headers) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpGet.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequest(String path) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传json参数的post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequest(String path, String json) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, UTF_8);// 解决中文乱码问题  
entity.setContentEncoding(UTF_8);  
entity.setContentType("application/json");  
httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 带请求头传json参数的post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequest(String path, Map<String, Object> headers, String json) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> header : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(header.getKey(), String.valueOf(header.getValue()));  
}  
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, UTF_8);// 解决中文乱码问题  
entity.setContentEncoding(UTF_8);  
entity.setContentType("application/json");  
httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
System.out.println(ub);  
//      System.out.println(json);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequest(String path, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequestAndHeaders(String path, Map<String, Object> headers)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回cookie  
public static String postCookie(String path, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(ub);  
return cookies(httpPost);  
}  
// 带域账号密码权限,传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回cookie  
public static String postCookie(String path, Map<String, Object> params, String AuthorizationUserName,  
String AuthorizationPassword) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
String encoding = DatatypeConverter  
.printBase64Binary((AuthorizationUserName + ":" + AuthorizationPassword).getBytes("UTF-8"));  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding);  
System.out.println(ub);  
return cookies(httpPost);  
}  
// 带域账号密码权限,传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回cookie  
public static Map<String, Object> postHeaders(String path, Map<String, Object> params, String AuthorizationUserName,  
String AuthorizationPassword) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
String encoding = DatatypeConverter  
.printBase64Binary((AuthorizationUserName + ":" + AuthorizationPassword).getBytes("UTF-8"));  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding);  
System.out.println(ub);  
String cookie = cookies(httpPost);  
headers.put("Cookie", cookie);  
headers.put("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding);  
return headers;  
}  
// 带请求头传form表格参数的post请求path,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String postRequest(String path, Map<String, Object> headers, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder();  
ub.setScheme(scheme);  
ub.setHost(host);  
ub.setPath(path);  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
/* 
* 以下为直接请求完整URL的方法 
*/  
/** 
* @param url 
* @return get请求url,以String形式返回请求结果 
*/  
public static String httpGetRequest(String url) {  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带请求头和参数的get请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpGetRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> headers, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder(url);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
ub.setParameters(pairs);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpGet.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
System.out.println(ub);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带参数的get请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpGetRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws URISyntaxException {  
URIBuilder ub = new URIBuilder(url);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
ub.setParameters(pairs);  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(ub.build());  
System.out.println(ub);
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// 带请求头和参数的get请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpGetRequestAddHeaders(String url, Map<String, Object> headers) throws URISyntaxException {  
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpGet.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpGet);  
}  
// post请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpPostRequest(String url) {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传json参数的post请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpPostRequest(String url, String json) {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, "utf-8");// 解决中文乱码问题  
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");  
entity.setContentType("application/json");  
httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传form表格参数的post请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpPostRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 带请求头传form表格参数的post请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpPostRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> headers, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> param : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(param.getKey(), String.valueOf(param.getValue()));  
}  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(url);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}  
// 传form表格参数的post请求url,以String形式返回cookie  
public static String httpPostCookie(String url, Map<String, Object> params)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
System.out.println(url);  
return cookies(httpPost);  
}  
// 带域账号密码权限,传form表格参数的post请求url,以String形式返回cookie  
public static Map<String, Object> httpPostHeaders(String url, Map<String, Object> params,  
String AuthorizationUserName, String AuthorizationPassword)  
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {  
Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
String encoding = DatatypeConverter  
.printBase64Binary((AuthorizationUserName + ":" + AuthorizationPassword).getBytes("UTF-8"));  
ArrayList<NameValuePair> pairs = covertParams2NVPS(params);  
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, UTF_8));  
httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding);  
System.out.println(url);  
String cookie = cookies(httpPost);  
headers.put("Cookie", cookie);  
headers.put("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding);  
return headers;  
}  
// 带请求头传json参数的post请求url,以String形式返回请求结果  
public static String httpPostRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> headers, String json)  
throws URISyntaxException {  
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> header : headers.entrySet()) {  
httpPost.addHeader(header.getKey(), String.valueOf(header.getValue()));  
}  
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, UTF_8);// 解决中文乱码问题  
entity.setContentEncoding(UTF_8);  
entity.setContentType("application/json");  
httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
System.out.println(url);  
//          System.out.println(json);  
return getResult(httpPost);  
}