title: “Working with colours”
weight: 2
You will occasionally want to validate the colour of something as part of your tests;
the problem is that colour definitions on the web are not constant.
Would it not be nice if there was an easy way to compare
a HEX representation of a colour with a RGB representation of a colour,
or a RGBA representation of a colour with a HSLA representation of a colour?
Worry not. There is a solution: the Color class!
First of all, you will need to import the class:
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import org.openqa.selenium.support.Color;
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from selenium.webdriver.support.color import Color
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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include Selenium::WebDriver::Support
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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You can now start creating colour objects.
Every colour object will need to be created from a string representation of
your colour.
Supported colour representations are:
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private final Color HEX_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“#2F7ED8”);
private final Color RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgb(255, 255, 255)”);
private final Color RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)”);
private final Color RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)”);
private final Color RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)”);
private final Color HSL_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“hsl(100, 0%, 50%)”);
private final Color HSLA_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)”);
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HEX_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘#2F7ED8’)
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgb(255, 255, 255)’)
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)’)
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)’)
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)’)
HSL_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘hsl(100, 0%, 50%)’)
HSLA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)’)
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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HEX_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘#2F7ED8’)
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgb(255, 255, 255)’)
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)’)
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)’)
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)’)
HSL_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘hsl(100, 0%, 50%)’)
HSLA_COLOUR = Color.from_string(‘hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)’)
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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private val HEX_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“#2F7ED8”)
private val RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgb(255, 255, 255)”)
private val RGB_COLOUR_PERCENT = Color.fromString(“rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)”)
private val RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)”)
private val RGBA_COLOUR_PERCENT = Color.fromString(“rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)”)
private val HSL_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“hsl(100, 0%, 50%)”)
private val HSLA_COLOUR = Color.fromString(“hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)”)
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The Color class also supports all of the base colour definitions
specified in
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4.
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private final Color BLACK = Color.fromString(“black”);
private final Color CHOCOLATE = Color.fromString(“chocolate”);
private final Color HOTPINK = Color.fromString(“hotpink”);
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BLACK = Color.from_string(‘black’)
CHOCOLATE = Color.from_string(‘chocolate’)
HOTPINK = Color.from_string(‘hotpink’)
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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BLACK = Color.from_string(‘black’)
CHOCOLATE = Color.from_string(‘chocolate’)
HOTPINK = Color.from_string(‘hotpink’)
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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private val BLACK = Color.fromString(“black”)
private val CHOCOLATE = Color.fromString(“chocolate”)
private val HOTPINK = Color.fromString(“hotpink”)
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Sometimes browsers will return a colour value of “transparent”
if no colour has been set on an element.
The Color class also supports this:
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private final Color TRANSPARENT = Color.fromString(“transparent”);
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TRANSPARENT = Color.from_string(‘transparent’)
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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TRANSPARENT = Color.from_string(‘transparent’)
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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private val TRANSPARENT = Color.fromString(“transparent”)
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You can now safely query an element
to get its colour/background colour knowing that
any response will be correctly parsed
and converted into a valid Color object:
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Color loginButtonColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id(“login”)).getCssValue(“color”));
Color loginButtonBackgroundColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id(“login”)).getCssValue(“background-color”));
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login_button_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(By.ID,‘login’).value_of_css_property(‘color’))
login_button_background_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(By.ID,‘login’).value_of_css_property(‘background-color’))
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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login_button_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(id: ‘login’).css_value(‘color’))
login_button_background_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(id: ‘login’).css_value(‘background-color’))
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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val loginButtonColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id(“login”)).getCssValue(“color”))
val loginButtonBackgroundColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id(“login”)).getCssValue(“background-color”))
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You can then directly compare colour objects:
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assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.equals(HOTPINK);
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assert login_button_background_colour == HOTPINK
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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assert(login_button_background_colour == HOTPINK)
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.equals(HOTPINK))
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Or you can convert the colour into one of the following formats
and perform a static validation:
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assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asHex().equals(“#ff69b4”);
assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgba().equals(“rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)”);
assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgb().equals(“rgb(255, 105, 180)”);
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assert login_button_background_colour.hex == ‘#ff69b4’
assert login_button_background_colour.rgba == ‘rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)’
assert login_button_background_colour.rgb == ‘rgb(255, 105, 180)’
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// We don’t have a C# code sample yet - Help us out and raise a PR
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assert(login_button_background_colour.hex == ‘#ff69b4’)
assert(login_button_background_colour.rgba == ‘rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)’)
assert(login_button_background_colour.rgb == ‘rgb(255, 105, 180)’)
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// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
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assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asHex().equals(“#ff69b4”))
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgba().equals(“rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)”))
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgb().equals(“rgb(255, 105, 180)”))
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Colours are no longer a problem.
官方链接为：https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/en/support_packages/working_with_colours