title: “JavaScript 警告框,提示框和确认框”
weight: 6
WebDriver提供了一个API, 用于处理JavaScript提供的三种类型的原生弹窗消息. 这些弹窗由浏览器提供限定的样式.
Alerts 警告框
其中最基本的称为警告框, 它显示一条自定义消息, 以及一个用于关闭该警告的按钮, 在大多数浏览器中标记为"确定"(OK). 在大多数浏览器中, 也可以通过按"关闭"(close)按钮将其关闭, 但这始终与“确定”按钮具有相同的作用. 查看样例警告框.
WebDriver可以从弹窗获取文本并接受或关闭这些警告.
{{< code-tab >}}
{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See an example alert”)).click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
Alert alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
//Store the alert text in a variable
String text = alert.getText();
//Press the OK button
alert.accept();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, “See an example alert”).click()
Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
alert = wait.until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())
Store the alert text in a variable
text = alert.text
Press the OK button
alert.accept()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(“See an example alert”)).Click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());
//Store the alert text in a variable
string text = alert.Text;
//Press the OK button
alert.Accept();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(:link_text, ‘See an example alert’).click
Store the alert reference in a variable
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
Store the alert text in a variable
alert_text = alert.text
Press on OK button
alert.accept
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
await driver.findElement(By.linkText(‘See an example alert’)).click();
// Wait for the alert to be displayed
await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
// Store the alert in a variable
let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
//Store the alert text in a variable
let alertText = await alert.getText();
//Press the OK button
await alert.accept();
// Note: To use await, the above code should be inside an async function
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See an example alert”)).click()
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())
//Store the alert text in a variable
val text = alert.getText()
//Press the OK button
alert.accept()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< / code-tab >}}
Confirm 确认框
确认框类似于警告框, 不同之处在于用户还可以选择取消消息. 查看样例确认框.
此示例还呈现了警告的另一种实现:
{{< code-tab >}}
{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See a sample confirm”)).click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
//Store the alert in a variable
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
//Store the alert in a variable for reuse
String text = alert.getText();
//Press the Cancel button
alert.dismiss();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, “See a sample confirm”).click()
Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())
Store the alert in a variable for reuse
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
Store the alert text in a variable
text = alert.text
Press the Cancel button
alert.dismiss()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(“See a sample confirm”)).Click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());
//Store the alert in a variable
IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();
//Store the alert in a variable for reuse
string text = alert.Text;
//Press the Cancel button
alert.Dismiss();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(:link_text, ‘See a sample confirm’).click
Store the alert reference in a variable
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
Store the alert text in a variable
alert_text = alert.text
Press on Cancel button
alert.dismiss
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
await driver.findElement(By.linkText(‘See a sample confirm’)).click();
// Wait for the alert to be displayed
await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
// Store the alert in a variable
let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
//Store the alert text in a variable
let alertText = await alert.getText();
//Press the Cancel button
await alert.dismiss();
// Note: To use await, the above code should be inside an async function
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See a sample confirm”)).click()
//Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())
//Store the alert in a variable
val alert = driver.switchTo().alert()
//Store the alert in a variable for reuse
val text = alert.text
//Press the Cancel button
alert.dismiss()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< / code-tab >}}
Prompt 提示框
提示框与确认框相似, 不同之处在于它们还包括文本输入. 与处理表单元素类似, 您可以使用WebDriver的sendKeys来填写响应. 这将完全替换占位符文本. 按下取消按钮将不会提交任何文本.
查看样例提示框.
{{< code-tab >}}
{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See a sample prompt”)).click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
Alert alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
//Type your message
alert.sendKeys(“Selenium”);
//Press the OK button
alert.accept();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, “See a sample prompt”).click()
Wait for the alert to be displayed
wait.until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())
Store the alert in a variable for reuse
alert = Alert(driver)
Type your message
alert.send_keys(“Selenium”)
Press the OK button
alert.accept()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText(“See a sample prompt”)).Click();
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());
//Type your message
alert.SendKeys(“Selenium”);
//Press the OK button
alert.Accept();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
Click the link to activate the alert
driver.find_element(:link_text, ‘See a sample prompt’).click
Store the alert reference in a variable
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
Type a message
alert.send_keys(“selenium”)
Press on Ok button
alert.accept
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
await driver.findElement(By.linkText(‘See a sample prompt’)).click();
// Wait for the alert to be displayed
await driver.wait(until.alertIsPresent());
// Store the alert in a variable
let alert = await driver.switchTo().alert();
//Type your message
await alert.sendKeys(“Selenium”);
//Press the OK button
await alert.accept();
//Note: To use await, the above code should be inside an async function
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
//Click the link to activate the alert
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“See a sample prompt”)).click()
//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable
val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())
//Type your message
alert.sendKeys(“Selenium”)
//Press the OK button
alert.accept()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< / code-tab >}}
官方链接为：https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/zh-cn/webdriver/js_alerts_prompts_and_confirmations