title: “远程WebDriver客户端”
weight: 2
要运行远程WebDriver客户端, 我们首先需要连接到RemoteWebDriver.
为此, 我们将URL指向运行测试的服务器的地址.
为了自定义我们的配置, 我们设置了既定的功能.
下面是一个实例化样例,
其指向我们的远程Web服务器 www.example.com 的远程WebDriver对象,
并在Firefox上运行测试.
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{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
FirefoxOptions firefoxOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(“http://www.example.com”), firefoxOptions);
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”);
driver.quit();
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{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
from selenium import webdriver
firefox_options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
driver = webdriver.Remote(
command_executor=‘http://www.example.com’,
options=firefox_options
)
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”)
driver.quit()
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{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
FirefoxOptions firefoxOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(“http://www.example.com”), firefoxOptions);
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(“http://www.google.com”);
driver.Quit();
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{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
require ‘selenium-webdriver’
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :remote, url: “http://www.example.com”, desired_capabilities: :firefox
driver.get “http://www.google.com”
driver.close
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
const { Builder, Capabilities } = require(“selenium-webdriver”);
var capabilities = Capabilities.firefox();
(async function helloSelenium() {
let driver = new Builder()
.usingServer(“http://example.com”)
.withCapabilities(capabilities)
.build();
try {
await driver.get(‘http://www.google.com’);
} finally {
await driver.quit();
}
})();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
firefoxOptions = FirefoxOptions()
driver: WebDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(“http://www.example.com”), firefoxOptions)
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”)
driver.quit()
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为了进一步自定义测试配置, 我们可以添加其他既定的功能.
浏览器选项
例如, 假设您想使用Chrome版本67
在Windows XP上运行Chrome:
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{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.setCapability(“browserVersion”, “67”);
chromeOptions.setCapability(“platformName”, “Windows XP”);
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(“http://www.example.com”), chromeOptions);
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”);
driver.quit();
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{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
from selenium import webdriver
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.set_capability(“browserVersion”, “67”)
chrome_options.set_capability(“platformName”, “Windows XP”)
driver = webdriver.Remote(
command_executor=‘http://www.example.com’,
options=chrome_options
)
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”)
driver.quit()
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
var chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.BrowserVersion = “67”;
chromeOptions.PlatformName = “Windows XP”;
IWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri(“http://www.example.com”), chromeOptions);
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(“http://www.google.com”);
driver.Quit();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome
caps.platform = Windows XP
caps.version = 67
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :remote, :url => “http://www.example.com”, :desired_capabilities => caps
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{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
const { Builder } = require(“selenium-webdriver”);
const chrome = require(“selenium-webdriver/chrome”);
let opts = new chrome.Options();
opts.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);
opts.setBrowserVersion(‘67’);
opts.setPlatform(‘Windows XP’);
(async function helloSelenium() {
let driver = new Builder()
.usingServer(“http://example.com”)
.forBrowser(‘chrome’)
.setChromeOptions(opts)
.build();
try {
await driver.get(‘http://www.google.com’);
}
finally {
await driver.quit();
}
})();
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
val chromeOptions = ChromeOptions()
chromeOptions.setCapability(“browserVersion”, “67”)
chromeOptions.setCapability(“platformName”, “Windows XP”)
val driver: WebDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(“http://www.example.com”), chromeOptions)
driver.get(“http://www.google.com”)
driver.quit()
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本地文件检测器
本地文件检测器允许将文件从客户端计算机传输到远程服务器.
例如, 如果测试需要将文件上传到Web应用程序,
则远程WebDriver可以在运行时
将文件从本地计算机自动传输到远程Web服务器.
这允许从运行测试的远程计算机上载文件.
默认情况下未启用它, 可以通过以下方式启用:
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{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
driver.setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
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{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
from selenium.webdriver.remote.file_detector import LocalFileDetector
driver.file_detector = LocalFileDetector()
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{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
var allowsDetection = this.driver as IAllowsFileDetection;
if (allowsDetection != null)
{
allowsDetection.FileDetector = new LocalFileDetector();
}
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
@driver.file_detector = lambda do |args|
args => [“/path/to/file”]
str = args.first.to_s
str if File.exist?(str)
end
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
var remote = require(‘selenium-webdriver/remote’);
driver.setFileDetector(new remote.FileDetector);
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{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
driver.fileDetector = LocalFileDetector()
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定义上述代码后,
您可以通过以下方式在测试中上传文件:
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{{< code-panel language=“java” >}}
driver.get(“http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”);
WebElement upload = driver.findElement(By.id(“myfile”));
upload.sendKeys(“/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg”);
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“python” >}}
driver.get(“http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”)
driver.find_element(By.ID, “myfile”).send_keys(“/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg”)
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{{< code-panel language=“csharp” >}}
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(“http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”);
IWebElement upload = driver.FindElement(By.Id(“myfile”));
upload.SendKeys(@“/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg”);
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{{< code-panel language=“ruby” >}}
@driver.navigate.to “http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”
element = @driver.find_element(:id, ‘myfile’)
element.send_keys “/Users/sso/SauceLabs/sauce/hostess/maitred/maitred/public/images/darkbulb.jpg”
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{{< code-panel language=“javascript” >}}
driver.get(“http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”);
var upload = driver.findElement(By.id(“myfile”));
upload.sendKeys(“/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg”);
{{< / code-panel >}}
{{< code-panel language=“kotlin” >}}
driver.get(“http://sso.dev.saucelabs.com/test/guinea-file-upload”)
val upload: WebElement = driver.findElement(By.id(“myfile”))
upload.sendKeys(“/Users/sso/the/local/path/to/darkbulb.jpg”)
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官方链接为：https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/zh-cn/remote_webdriver/remote_webdriver_client