环境 windows7 64bit
python版本 3.7.3
执行运行以下代码时，浏览器无法弹出。
#!/usr/bin/python3
-- coding: utf-8 --
import time
#import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
class TestWait:
def setup(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
self.driver.get(‘https://home.testing-studio.com’)
#self.driver.implicitly_wait(3)
def test_wait(self):
time.sleep(3)
print('dirct wait')
并报错以下日志信息：
Testing started at 14:22 …
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\python.exe “D:\pycharm\PyCharm Community Edition 2019.1\plugins\python-ce\helpers\pycharm_jb_pytest_runner.py” --target test_wait.py::TestWait
Launching pytest with arguments test_wait.py::TestWait in E:\lagou\lg_class\selenium
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 – Python 3.7.3, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 – C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {‘Python’: ‘3.7.3’, ‘Platform’: ‘Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1’, ‘Packages’: {‘pytest’: ‘5.4.3’, ‘py’: ‘1.9.0’, ‘pluggy’: ‘0.13.1’}, ‘Plugins’: {‘allure-pytest’: ‘2.8.18’, ‘html’: ‘2.1.1’, ‘metadata’: ‘1.10.0’}, ‘JAVA_HOME’: ‘C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_231’}
rootdir: E:\lagou\lg_class\selenium
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.18, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.10.0
collecting … collected 1 item
test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium ERROR [100%]
test setup failed
self = <selenium.webdriver.chrome.service.Service object at 0x0000000003D0AA58>
def start(self):
"""
Starts the Service.
:Exceptions:
- WebDriverException : Raised either when it can't start the service
or when it can't connect to the service
"""
try:
cmd = [self.path]
cmd.extend(self.command_line_args())
self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, env=self.env,
close_fds=platform.system() != 'Windows',
stdout=self.log_file,
stderr=self.log_file,
stdin=PIPE)
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py:76:
self = <subprocess.Popen object at 0x0000000003D0A9E8>
args = [‘chromedriver’, ‘–port=8108’], bufsize = -1, executable = None
stdin = -1, stdout = -3, stderr = -3, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False
shell = False, cwd = None
env = environ({‘ALLUSERSPROFILE’: ‘C:\ProgramData’, ‘APPDATA’: ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming’, ‘CLASSPATH’: ‘…\csilogfile.log’, ‘TEAMCITY_VERSION’: ‘LOCAL’, ‘PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST’: ‘test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium (setup)’})
universal_newlines = None, startupinfo = None, creationflags = 0
restore_signals = True, start_new_session = False, pass_fds = ()
def __init__(self, args, bufsize=-1, executable=None,
stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
preexec_fn=None, close_fds=True,
shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=None,
startupinfo=None, creationflags=0,
restore_signals=True, start_new_session=False,
pass_fds=(), *, encoding=None, errors=None, text=None):
"""Create new Popen instance."""
_cleanup()
# Held while anything is calling waitpid before returncode has been
# updated to prevent clobbering returncode if wait() or poll() are
# called from multiple threads at once. After acquiring the lock,
# code must re-check self.returncode to see if another thread just
# finished a waitpid() call.
self._waitpid_lock = threading.Lock()
self._input = None
self._communication_started = False
if bufsize is None:
bufsize = -1 # Restore default
if not isinstance(bufsize, int):
raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer")
if _mswindows:
if preexec_fn is not None:
raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows "
"platforms")
else:
# POSIX
if pass_fds and not close_fds:
warnings.warn("pass_fds overriding close_fds.", RuntimeWarning)
close_fds = True
if startupinfo is not None:
raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows "
"platforms")
if creationflags != 0:
raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows "
"platforms")
self.args = args
self.stdin = None
self.stdout = None
self.stderr = None
self.pid = None
self.returncode = None
self.encoding = encoding
self.errors = errors
# Validate the combinations of text and universal_newlines
if (text is not None and universal_newlines is not None
and bool(universal_newlines) != bool(text)):
raise SubprocessError('Cannot disambiguate when both text '
'and universal_newlines are supplied but '
'different. Pass one or the other.')
# Input and output objects. The general principle is like
# this:
#
# Parent Child
# ------ -----
# p2cwrite ---stdin---> p2cread
# c2pread <--stdout--- c2pwrite
# errread <--stderr--- errwrite
#
# On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors. On
# Windows, these are Windows file handles. The parent objects
# are file descriptors on both platforms. The parent objects
# are -1 when not using PIPEs. The child objects are -1
# when not redirecting.
(p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
# We wrap OS handles *before* launching the child, otherwise a
# quickly terminating child could make our fds unwrappable
# (see #8458).
if _mswindows:
if p2cwrite != -1:
p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite.Detach(), 0)
if c2pread != -1:
c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread.Detach(), 0)
if errread != -1:
errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread.Detach(), 0)
self.text_mode = encoding or errors or text or universal_newlines
# How long to resume waiting on a child after the first ^C.
# There is no right value for this. The purpose is to be polite
# yet remain good for interactive users trying to exit a tool.
self._sigint_wait_secs = 0.25 # 1/xkcd221.getRandomNumber()
self._closed_child_pipe_fds = False
try:
if p2cwrite != -1:
self.stdin = io.open(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stdin = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdin, write_through=True,
line_buffering=(bufsize == 1),
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
if c2pread != -1:
self.stdout = io.open(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdout,
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
if errread != -1:
self.stderr = io.open(errread, 'rb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stderr = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stderr,
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
restore_signals, start_new_session)
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\subprocess.py:775:
self = <subprocess.Popen object at 0x0000000003D0A9E8>
args = ‘chromedriver --port=8108’, executable = None, preexec_fn = None
close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None
env = environ({‘ALLUSERSPROFILE’: ‘C:\ProgramData’, ‘APPDATA’: ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming’, ‘CLASSPATH’: ‘…\csilogfile.log’, ‘TEAMCITY_VERSION’: ‘LOCAL’, ‘PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST’: ‘test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium (setup)’})
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x0000000003D0AA90>
creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(300), p2cwrite = 11
c2pread = -1, c2pwrite = Handle(308), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(296)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_start_new_session = False
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
unused_restore_signals, unused_start_new_session):
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if not isinstance(args, str):
args = list2cmdline(args)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
else:
# bpo-34044: Copy STARTUPINFO since it is modified above,
# so the caller can reuse it multiple times.
startupinfo = startupinfo._copy()
use_std_handles = -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite)
if use_std_handles:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList
have_handle_list = bool(attribute_list and
"handle_list" in attribute_list and
attribute_list["handle_list"])
# If we were given an handle_list or need to create one
if have_handle_list or (use_std_handles and close_fds):
if attribute_list is None:
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList = {}
handle_list = attribute_list["handle_list"] = \
list(attribute_list.get("handle_list", []))
if use_std_handles:
handle_list += [int(p2cread), int(c2pwrite), int(errwrite)]
handle_list[:] = self._filter_handle_list(handle_list)
if handle_list:
if not close_fds:
warnings.warn("startupinfo.lpAttributeList['handle_list'] "
"overriding close_fds", RuntimeWarning)
# When using the handle_list we always request to inherit
# handles but the only handles that will be inherited are
# the ones in the handle_list
close_fds = False
if shell:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
# Start the process
try:
hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
# no special security
None, None,
int(not close_fds),
creationflags,
env,
os.fspath(cwd) if cwd is not None else None,
startupinfo)
E FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\subprocess.py:1178: FileNotFoundError
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
self = <test_wait.TestWait object at 0x0000000003D0AEF0>
def setup(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
test_wait.py:9:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\chrome\webdriver.py:73: in init
self.service.start()
self = <selenium.webdriver.chrome.service.Service object at 0x0000000003D0AA58>
def start(self):
"""
Starts the Service.
:Exceptions:
- WebDriverException : Raised either when it can't start the service
or when it can't connect to the service
"""
try:
cmd = [self.path]
cmd.extend(self.command_line_args())
self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, env=self.env,
close_fds=platform.system() != 'Windows',
stdout=self.log_file,
stderr=self.log_file,
stdin=PIPE)
except TypeError:
raise
except OSError as err:
if err.errno == errno.ENOENT:
raise WebDriverException(
"'%s' executable needs to be in PATH. %s" % (
os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
E selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: ‘chromedriver’ executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py:83: WebDriverException
Assertion failed
Assertion failed
=================================== ERRORS ====================================
__________________ ERROR at setup of TestWait.test_selenium ___________________
self = <selenium.webdriver.chrome.service.Service object at 0x0000000003D0AA58>
def start(self):
"""
Starts the Service.
:Exceptions:
- WebDriverException : Raised either when it can't start the service
or when it can't connect to the service
"""
try:
cmd = [self.path]
cmd.extend(self.command_line_args())
self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, env=self.env,
close_fds=platform.system() != 'Windows',
stdout=self.log_file,
stderr=self.log_file,
stdin=PIPE)
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py:76:
self = <subprocess.Popen object at 0x0000000003D0A9E8>
args = [‘chromedriver’, ‘–port=8108’], bufsize = -1, executable = None
stdin = -1, stdout = -3, stderr = -3, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False
shell = False, cwd = None
env = environ({‘ALLUSERSPROFILE’: ‘C:\ProgramData’, ‘APPDATA’: ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming’, ‘CLASSPATH’: ‘…\csilogfile.log’, ‘TEAMCITY_VERSION’: ‘LOCAL’, ‘PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST’: ‘test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium (setup)’})
universal_newlines = None, startupinfo = None, creationflags = 0
restore_signals = True, start_new_session = False, pass_fds = ()
def __init__(self, args, bufsize=-1, executable=None,
stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None,
preexec_fn=None, close_fds=True,
shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=None,
startupinfo=None, creationflags=0,
restore_signals=True, start_new_session=False,
pass_fds=(), *, encoding=None, errors=None, text=None):
"""Create new Popen instance."""
_cleanup()
# Held while anything is calling waitpid before returncode has been
# updated to prevent clobbering returncode if wait() or poll() are
# called from multiple threads at once. After acquiring the lock,
# code must re-check self.returncode to see if another thread just
# finished a waitpid() call.
self._waitpid_lock = threading.Lock()
self._input = None
self._communication_started = False
if bufsize is None:
bufsize = -1 # Restore default
if not isinstance(bufsize, int):
raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer")
if _mswindows:
if preexec_fn is not None:
raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows "
"platforms")
else:
# POSIX
if pass_fds and not close_fds:
warnings.warn("pass_fds overriding close_fds.", RuntimeWarning)
close_fds = True
if startupinfo is not None:
raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows "
"platforms")
if creationflags != 0:
raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows "
"platforms")
self.args = args
self.stdin = None
self.stdout = None
self.stderr = None
self.pid = None
self.returncode = None
self.encoding = encoding
self.errors = errors
# Validate the combinations of text and universal_newlines
if (text is not None and universal_newlines is not None
and bool(universal_newlines) != bool(text)):
raise SubprocessError('Cannot disambiguate when both text '
'and universal_newlines are supplied but '
'different. Pass one or the other.')
# Input and output objects. The general principle is like
# this:
#
# Parent Child
# ------ -----
# p2cwrite ---stdin---> p2cread
# c2pread <--stdout--- c2pwrite
# errread <--stderr--- errwrite
#
# On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors. On
# Windows, these are Windows file handles. The parent objects
# are file descriptors on both platforms. The parent objects
# are -1 when not using PIPEs. The child objects are -1
# when not redirecting.
(p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
# We wrap OS handles *before* launching the child, otherwise a
# quickly terminating child could make our fds unwrappable
# (see #8458).
if _mswindows:
if p2cwrite != -1:
p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite.Detach(), 0)
if c2pread != -1:
c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread.Detach(), 0)
if errread != -1:
errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread.Detach(), 0)
self.text_mode = encoding or errors or text or universal_newlines
# How long to resume waiting on a child after the first ^C.
# There is no right value for this. The purpose is to be polite
# yet remain good for interactive users trying to exit a tool.
self._sigint_wait_secs = 0.25 # 1/xkcd221.getRandomNumber()
self._closed_child_pipe_fds = False
try:
if p2cwrite != -1:
self.stdin = io.open(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stdin = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdin, write_through=True,
line_buffering=(bufsize == 1),
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
if c2pread != -1:
self.stdout = io.open(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdout,
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
if errread != -1:
self.stderr = io.open(errread, 'rb', bufsize)
if self.text_mode:
self.stderr = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stderr,
encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
restore_signals, start_new_session)
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\subprocess.py:775:
self = <subprocess.Popen object at 0x0000000003D0A9E8>
args = ‘chromedriver --port=8108’, executable = None, preexec_fn = None
close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None
env = environ({‘ALLUSERSPROFILE’: ‘C:\ProgramData’, ‘APPDATA’: ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming’, ‘CLASSPATH’: ‘…\csilogfile.log’, ‘TEAMCITY_VERSION’: ‘LOCAL’, ‘PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST’: ‘test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium (setup)’})
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x0000000003D0AA90>
creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(300), p2cwrite = 11
c2pread = -1, c2pwrite = Handle(308), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(296)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_start_new_session = False
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
unused_restore_signals, unused_start_new_session):
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if not isinstance(args, str):
args = list2cmdline(args)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
else:
# bpo-34044: Copy STARTUPINFO since it is modified above,
# so the caller can reuse it multiple times.
startupinfo = startupinfo._copy()
use_std_handles = -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite)
if use_std_handles:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList
have_handle_list = bool(attribute_list and
"handle_list" in attribute_list and
attribute_list["handle_list"])
# If we were given an handle_list or need to create one
if have_handle_list or (use_std_handles and close_fds):
if attribute_list is None:
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList = {}
handle_list = attribute_list["handle_list"] = \
list(attribute_list.get("handle_list", []))
if use_std_handles:
handle_list += [int(p2cread), int(c2pwrite), int(errwrite)]
handle_list[:] = self._filter_handle_list(handle_list)
if handle_list:
if not close_fds:
warnings.warn("startupinfo.lpAttributeList['handle_list'] "
"overriding close_fds", RuntimeWarning)
# When using the handle_list we always request to inherit
# handles but the only handles that will be inherited are
# the ones in the handle_list
close_fds = False
if shell:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
# Start the process
try:
hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
# no special security
None, None,
int(not close_fds),
creationflags,
env,
os.fspath(cwd) if cwd is not None else None,
startupinfo)
E FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] 系统找不到指定的文件。
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\subprocess.py:1178: FileNotFoundError
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
self = <test_wait.TestWait object at 0x0000000003D0AEF0>
def setup(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
test_wait.py:9:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\chrome\webdriver.py:73: in init
self.service.start()
self = <selenium.webdriver.chrome.service.Service object at 0x0000000003D0AA58>
def start(self):
"""
Starts the Service.
:Exceptions:
- WebDriverException : Raised either when it can't start the service
or when it can't connect to the service
"""
try:
cmd = [self.path]
cmd.extend(self.command_line_args())
self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, env=self.env,
close_fds=platform.system() != 'Windows',
stdout=self.log_file,
stderr=self.log_file,
stdin=PIPE)
except TypeError:
raise
except OSError as err:
if err.errno == errno.ENOENT:
raise WebDriverException(
"'%s' executable needs to be in PATH. %s" % (
os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
E selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: ‘chromedriver’ executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py:83: WebDriverException
=========================== short test summary info ===========================
ERROR test_wait.py::TestWait::test_selenium - selenium.common.exceptions.WebD…
============================== 1 error in 1.25s ===============================
Process finished with exit code 1
Assertion failed
Assertion failed
Assertion failed
Assertion failed
环境变量配置为
不知道是哪里有问题，查询了几次，求助