iOS基础
开发者中心
证书申请
- 创建证书
- 使用keychain的证书助手创建CSR文件
XCode
- 项目
- Git
- Symbol
- Find
- Issue
- 调试
- 测试
- 报告
关键概念
Certificates：苹果签发
开发证书：开发者使用
发布证书：对外分化到app store或者使用ad-hoc模式分发
Provisioning Profiles：
App ID：bundleID相关设置
Devices List：可内测的真机列表
分为开发和发布两种大类型
发布又分为ad-hoc、app store、enterprise级别
.app文件：编译后生成的项目打包代码
.ipa文件：经过签名后的打包文件，本质是zip文件
编译
模拟器
CodeSign /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/iOSDemo.app (in target: iOSDemo)
cd /Volumes/ram/xcode/iOSDemo
export CODESIGN_ALLOCATE=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/codesign_allocate
Signing Identity: "-"
/usr/bin/codesign --force --sign - --entitlements /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Intermediates.noindex/iOSDemo.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/iOSDemo.build/iOSDemo.app.xcent --timestamp=none /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/iOSDemo.app
真机构建
CodeSign /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos/iOSDemo.app (in target: iOSDemo)
cd /Volumes/ram/xcode/iOSDemo
export CODESIGN_ALLOCATE=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/codesign_allocate
Signing Identity: "iPhone Developer: yansheng huang (LJGDR784H2)"
Provisioning Profile: "iOS Team Provisioning Profile: *"
(0c3891ec-b6a3-4bd8-bb3c-1774087952ff)
/usr/bin/codesign --force --sign A747E05F425FF31AA6180C146F9BE554AA1983B6 --entitlements /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Intermediates.noindex/iOSDemo.build/Debug-iphoneos/iOSDemo.build/iOSDemo.app.xcent --timestamp=none /Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/iOSDemo-elmdjvdeutixwufmutvahqycagvt/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos/iOSDemo.app
常见命令
ls ~/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning\\ Profiles
security find-identity -p codesigning
#安装appium的前提
#http://appium.io/docs/en/drivers/ios-xcuitest-real-devices/
brew install libimobiledevice
brew install ios-deploy
依赖工具包安装：
brew install --HEAD ideviceinstaller
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ios-deploy
查看模拟器列表：instruments -s devices
查看真机列表：idevice_id -l
安装app： ideviceinstaller -i demo.app
命令行编译：
xcodebuild -scheme UICatalog -target iOS clean build
xcodebuild -scheme UICatalog -target iOS archive
WebDriverAgent
git clone https://github.com/facebook/WebDriverAgent.git
cd WebDriverAgent/
bash -x ./Scripts/bootstrap.sh
start
https://github.com/facebook/WebDriverAgent/wiki/Using-the-Inspector
Inspector
http://localhost:8100/inspector
Appium iOS测试
appium desktop error
[XCUITest] WDA is not listening at 'http://localhost:8100/'
[XCUITest] WDA is currently not running. There is nothing to cache
[XCUITest] Trying to start WebDriverAgent 2 times with 10000ms interval
[BaseDriver] Event 'wdaStartAttempted' logged at 1541831315367 (14:28:35 GMT+0800 (CST))
[XCUITest] Launching WebDriverAgent on the device
[XCUITest] Carthage found: '/usr/local/bin/carthage'
[XCUITest] Killing running processes 'xcodebuild.*BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447, iproxy 8100, BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447.*XCTRunner' for the device BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447...
[XCUITest] 'pgrep -nif xcodebuild.*BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447' didn't detect any matching processes. Return code: 1
[XCUITest] 'pgrep -nif iproxy 8100' didn't detect any matching processes. Return code: 1
[XCUITest] 'pgrep -nif BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447.*XCTRunner' didn't detect any matching processes. Return code: 1
[XCUITest] Beginning test with command 'xcodebuild build-for-testing test-without-building -project /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/app/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent/WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj -scheme WebDriverAgentRunner -destination id=BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447 IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=11.0' in directory '/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/app/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent'
[XCUITest] Output from xcodebuild will not be logged. To change this, use 'showXcodeLog' desired capability
[XCUITest] Waiting up to 60000ms for WebDriverAgent to start
xcodebuild error
2018-11-10 14:49:39:565 - info: [Xcode] Details: stringRep should be a non-empty string, but it's an empty string
2018-11-10 14:49:39:566 - info: [Xcode] Object: <DVTMacroDefinitionConditionSet>
2018-11-10 14:49:39:566 - info: [Xcode] Method: +conditionSetFromStringRepresentation:getBaseMacroName:error:
2018-11-10 14:49:39:566 - info: [Xcode] Thread: <NSThread: 0x7fd84f502350>{number = 1, name = main}
2018-11-10 14:49:39:566 - info: [Xcode] Hints:
2018-11-10 14:49:39:567 - info: [Xcode]
2018-11-10 14:49:39:567 - info: [Xcode] Backtrace:
2018-11-10 14:49:39:574 - info: [Xcode] 0 -[DVTAssertionHandler handleFailureInMethod:object:fileName:lineNumber:assertionSignature:messageFormat:arguments:] (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:575 - info: [Xcode] 1 _DVTAssertionHandler (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:575 - info: [Xcode] 2 _DVTAssertionFailureHandler (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:576 - info: [Xcode] 3 +[DVTMacroDefinitionConditionSet conditionSetFromStringRepresentation:getBaseMacroName:error:] (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:576 - info: [Xcode] 4 -[DVTMacroDefinitionTable(XCMacroExpansionExtensions) _xc_setValue:forMacroName:errorHandler:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:577 - info: [Xcode] 5 __108-[DVTMacroDefinitionTable(XCMacroExpansionExtensions) xc_setMacroNamesAndValuesFromDictionary:errorHandler:]_block_invoke (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:580 - info: [Xcode] 6 -[__NSFrozenDictionaryM enumerateKeysAndObjectsWithOptions:usingBlock:] (in CoreFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:582 - info: [Xcode] 7 -[DVTMacroDefinitionTable(XCMacroExpansionExtensions) xc_setMacroNamesAndValuesFromDictionary:errorHandler:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:583 - info: [Xcode] 8 -[NSProcessInfo(XCMacroExpansionExtensions) xc_cachedEnvironmentAsMacroDefinitionTable] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:583 - info: [Xcode] 9 -[PBXTarget createMacroExpansionScopeWithBuildParameters:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:583 - info: [Xcode] 10 -[PBXTarget cachedMacroExpansionScopeForBuildParameters:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:583 - info: [Xcode] 11 -[PBXTarget expandedValueForString:forBuildParameters:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:584 - info: [Xcode] 12 -[PBXNativeTarget fullProductNameForBuildParameters:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:584 - info: [Xcode] 13 -[PBXNativeTarget fullProductNameForConfigurationNamed:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:585 - info: [Xcode] 14 -[PBXTarget fullProductName] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:586 - info: [Xcode] 15 -[PBXReference setProducingTarget:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:586 - info: [Xcode] 16 -[PBXTarget awakeFromPListUnarchiver:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:587 - info: [Xcode] 17 -[PBXNativeTarget awakeFromPListUnarchiver:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:587 - info: [Xcode] 18 -[PBXPListUnarchiver decodeRootObject] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:587 - info: [Xcode] 19 +[PBXProject projectWithFile:errorHandler:readOnly:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:588 - info: [Xcode] 20 -[Xcode3Project initWithFilePath:extension:workspace:options:error:] (in DevToolsCore)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:588 - info: [Xcode] 21 __82+[IDEContainer _retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:options:error:]_block_invoke_2 (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:589 - info: [Xcode] 22 _dispatch_client_callout (in libdispatch.dylib)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:589 - info: [Xcode] 23 _dispatch_lane_barrier_sync_invoke_and_complete (in libdispatch.dylib)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:590 - info: [Xcode] 24 DVTDispatchBarrierSync (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:590 - info: [Xcode] 25 -[DVTDispatchLock performLockedBlock:] (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:591 - info: [Xcode] 26 __82+[IDEContainer _retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:options:error:]_block_invoke (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:592 - info: [Xcode] 27 __58-[DVTModelObjectGraph performBlockCoalescingModelChanges:]_block_invoke (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:593 - info: [Xcode] 28 -[DVTModelGraphTransactionScope performTransaction:] (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:593 - info: [Xcode] 29 -[DVTModelObjectGraph performBlockCoalescingModelChanges:] (in DVTFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:594 - info: [Xcode] 30 +[IDEContainer _retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:options:error:] (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:594 - info: [Xcode] 31 +[IDEContainer retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:error:] (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:595 - info: [Xcode] 32 -[IDEWorkspace _configureWrappedWorkspaceWithError:] (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:595 - info: [Xcode] 33 __82+[IDEContainer _retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:options:error:]_block_invoke (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:595 - info: [Xcode] 34 +[IDEContainer _retainedContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:workspace:options:error:] (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:595 - info: [Xcode] 35 +[IDEContainer retainedWrappedWorkspaceForContainerAtFilePath:fileDataType:error:] (in IDEFoundation)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:596 - info: [Xcode] 36 -[Xcode3CommandLineBuildTool _resolveInputOptionsWithTimingSection:] (in Xcode3Core)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:596 - info: [Xcode] 37 -[Xcode3CommandLineBuildTool run] (in Xcode3Core)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:596 - info: [Xcode] 38 main (in xcodebuild)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:596 - info: [Xcode] 39 start (in libdyld.dylib)
2018-11-10 14:49:39:597 - info: [Xcode]
2018-11-10 14:49:39:602 - info: [XCUITest] xcodebuild exited with code 'null' and signal 'SIGABRT'
核心编译命令
Beginning test with command 'xcodebuild build-for-testing test-without-building -project /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/app/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent/WebDriverAgent.xcodeproj -scheme WebDriverAgentRunner -destination id=BB022D2E-9903-4A11-9D18-926B7F0F2447 IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=11.0' in directory '/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/app/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-xcuitest-driver/WebDriverAgent'
2018-11-10 14:48:53:338 - info: [debug] [XCUITest] Output from xcodebuild will be logged. To change this, use 'showXcodeLog' desired capability
``
## SImulator控制
https://github.com/facebook/FBSimulatorControl/blob/master/fbsimctl/README.md
## 模拟器示例
```java
package ios7;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
public class DemoTest {
private IOSDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "ios");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone X");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "11.0");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "xcuitest");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("app", "/Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-ftyzdbgapjmxxobezrnrxsshpdqh/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/UICatalog.app");
//desiredCapabilities.setCapability("showXcodeLog", "true");
URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
}
@Test
public void sampleTest() {
driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Buttons").click();
System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
driver.findElementByXPath("//*[@label='Button']").click();
driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("UICatalog").click();
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
//driver.quit();
}
}
真机测试
error
[ 52%] CreatingStagingDirectory
[ 57%] ExtractingPackage
[ 60%] InspectingPackage
[ 60%] TakingInstallLock
[ 65%] PreflightingApplication
[ 70%] VerifyingApplication
2018-11-10 16:07:23.798 ios-deploy[54447:2782396] [ !! ] Error 0xe8000067: There was an internal API error. AMDeviceSecureInstallApplication(0, device, url, options, install_callback, 0)
真机需要的capability
- udid: auto
- xcodeOrgId
- xcodeSigningId
{
"platformName": "ios",
"deviceName": "iPhone X",
"platformVersion": "11.0",
"automationName": "xcuitest",
"showXcodeLog": "true",
"udid": "auto",
"xcodeOrgId": "96NJEQL7Y2",
"xcodeSigningId": "iPhone Developer"
}
Browser
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ios-webkit-debug-proxy
settings > safari > advanced > web inspector → on
package ios7;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
public class WebTest {
private IOSDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "ios");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "xcuitest");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("udid", "auto");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("startIWDP", "true");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("browserName", "Safari");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "auto");
URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
@Test
public void sampleTest() {
driver.get("https://testerhome.com");
driver.findElementByXPath("//*[contains(@title, '广州沙龙')]").click();
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
//driver.quit();
}
}
WebView
package ios7;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
public class WebViewTest {
private IOSDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "ios");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone X");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "11.0");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("automationName", "xcuitest");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("showXcodeLog", "true");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("udid", "auto");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("xcodeOrgId", "96NJEQL7Y2");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("xcodeSigningId", "iPhone Developer");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("app", "/Users/seveniruby/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/UICatalog-ftyzdbgapjmxxobezrnrxsshpdqh/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos/UICatalog.app");
desiredCapabilities.setCapability("startIWDP", "true");
URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub");
driver = new IOSDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
}
@Test
public void sampleTest() throws InterruptedException {
driver.findElementByXPath("//XCUIElementTypeButton[@name=\\"UICatalog\\"]").click();
driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Web View").click();
Thread.sleep(6000);
System.out.println(driver.getContextHandles());
System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
driver.context("WEBVIEW_1");
System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
}
@After
public void tearDown() {
driver.quit();
}
}