Appium-python-client3.x 官方的初始化driver方式

# Python/Pytest
import pytest

from appium import webdriver
# Options are only available since client version 2.3.0
# If you use an older client then switch to desired_capabilities
# instead: https://github.com/appium/python-client/pull/720
from appium.options.android import UiAutomator2Options
from appium.options.ios import XCUITestOptions
from appium.webdriver.appium_service import AppiumService
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

APPIUM_PORT = 4723
APPIUM_HOST = '127.0.0.1'


# HINT: fixtures below could be extracted into conftest.py
# HINT: and shared across all tests in the suite
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def appium_service():
    service = AppiumService()
    service.start(
        # Check the output of `appium server --help` for the complete list of 
        # server command line arguments
        args=['--address', APPIUM_HOST, '-p', str(APPIUM_PORT)],
        timeout_ms=20000,
    )
    yield service
    service.stop()


def create_ios_driver(custom_opts = None):    
    options = XCUITestOptions()
    options.platformVersion = '13.4'
    options.udid = '123456789ABC'
    if custom_opts is not None:
        options.load_capabilities(custom_opts)
    # Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
    return webdriver.Remote(f'http://{APPIUM_HOST}:{APPIUM_PORT}', options=options)
    

def create_android_driver(custom_opts = None):    
    options = UiAutomator2Options()
    options.platformVersion = '10'
    options.udid = '123456789ABC'
    if custom_opts is not None:
        options.load_capabilities(custom_opts)
    # Appium1 points to http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub by default
    return webdriver.Remote(f'http://{APPIUM_HOST}:{APPIUM_PORT}', options=options)


@pytest.fixture
def ios_driver_factory():
    return create_ios_driver
    

@pytest.fixture
def ios_driver():
    # prefer this fixture if there is no need to customize driver options in tests 
    driver = create_ios_driver()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

    
@pytest.fixture
def android_driver_factory():
    return create_android_driver


@pytest.fixture
def android_driver():
    # prefer this fixture if there is no need to customize driver options in tests 
    driver = create_android_driver()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

            
def test_ios_click(appium_service, ios_driver_factory):
    # Usage of the context manager ensures the driver session is closed properly
    # after the test completes. Otherwise, make sure to call `driver.quit()` on teardown.
    with ios_driver_factory({
        'appium:app': '/path/to/app/UICatalog.app.zip'
    }) as driver:
        el = driver.find_element(by=AppiumBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, value='item')
        el.click()


def test_android_click(appium_service, android_driver_factory):
    # Usage of the context manager ensures the driver session is closed properly
    # after the test completes. Otherwise, make sure to call `driver.quit()` on teardown.
    with android_driver_factory({
        'appium:app': '/path/to/app/test-app.apk',
        'appium:udid': '567890',
    }) as driver:
        el = driver.find_element(by=AppiumBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID, value='item')
        el.click()